TWikiEditingShorthand < TWiki

Tags: view all tags
---+ TWiki Editing Shorthand

_These instructions are for contributors who prefer to use the Raw Edit over the default WYSIWYG editor._

%STARTINCLUDE%
<style type='text/css' media='all'>
/* Item7507: to avoid Chrome/Safari font baseline bug under some skins */
table td img {
    vertical-align: top;
}
</style>
<table class="twikiTable" border="1" cellpadding="3" bgcolor="#ffffff">
<tr bgcolor="#ffffff">
<th width="50%" class="twikiFirstCol">
 Formatting Command:
</th>
<th width="25%">
 You write:
</th>
<th width="25%">
 You get:
</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TheParagraphs
 *Paragraphs:* %BR%
 Blank lines will create new paragraphs.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
1st paragraph

2nd paragraph
</verbatim>
</td><td>
<!-- TWikibugs:Item7687 -->
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
1st paragraph

2nd paragraph
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TheHeadings
 *Headings:* %BR%
Three or more dashes at the beginning of a line, followed by plus signs and the heading text. One plus creates a top level heading, two pluses a second level heading, etc. The maximum heading depth is 6.

%T% You can create a table of contents with the [[VarTOC][%<nop>TOC%]] variable.
%BR% %T% If you want to *exclude* a heading from the TOC, put =!!= after the =---+=.
%BR% %X% Empty headings are allowed and won't appear in the table of contents.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
---++ Sushi
---+++ Maguro
---+++!! Not in TOC
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
<nop><h2>Sushi</h2>
<nop><h3>Maguro</h3>
<nop><h3>Not in TOC</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#BoldText
 *Bold Text:* %BR%
 Words get shown in *bold* by enclosing them in =*= asterisks.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
*Bold*
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
*Bold*
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#ItalicText
 *Italic Text:* %BR%
 Words get shown in _italic_ by enclosing them in =_= underscores.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
_Italic_
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
_Italic_
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#BoldItalic
 *Bold Italic:* %BR%
 Words get shown in __bold italic__ by enclosing them in =__= double-underscores.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
__Bold italic__
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
__Bold italic__
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#FixedFont
 *Fixed Font:* %BR%
 Words get shown in =fixed font= by enclosing them in =<nop>=<nop>= equal signs.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
=Fixed font=
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
=Fixed font=

</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#BoldFixedFont
 *Bold Fixed Font:* %BR%
 Words get shown in ==bold fixed font== by enclosing them in ==<nop>== double equal signs.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
==Bold fixed==
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
==Bold fixed==
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
%T% You can follow the closing bold, italic, or other (=* _ __ = ===) indicator
with normal punctuation, such as commas and full stops.
%BR%%X% Make sure there is no space between the text and the indicators.
%BR%%X% All words enclosed by the indicators need to be on the same line.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
_This works_,
_this does not _
_this fails
too_
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
_This works_, %BR%
_this does not _ %BR%
_this fails
too_
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#HorizontalRule
 *Separator (Horizontal Rule):* %BR%
Three or more three dashes at the beginning of a line..
</td><td>
<verbatim>
-------
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
-------
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#BulletedList
 *Bulleted List:* %BR%
Multiple of three spaces, an asterisk, and another space.
%BR%%H% For all the list types, you can break a list item over several lines by indenting lines after the first one by *at least 3 spaces*.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
   * level 1
      * level 2
   * back on 1
   * A bullet
     broken over
     three lines
   * last bullet
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
   * level 1
      * level 2
   * back on 1
   * A bullet
     broken over
     three lines
   * last bullet
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#IconList
 *Icon List:* %BR%
Multiple of three spaces, an asterisk, text =icon:name= and another space.
%BR%%H% Use the =name= of any TWikiDocGraphics icon.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
   * icon:tip Icon list
      * icon:led-red Full
      * icon:led-green OK
   * icon:unchecked Item 1
   * icon:checked Item 2
   * icon:empty No bullet
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
   * icon:tip Icon list
      * icon:led-red Full
      * icon:led-green OK
   * icon:unchecked Item 1
   * icon:checked Item 2
   * icon:empty No bullet
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#NumberedList
 *Numbered List:* %BR%
 Multiple of three spaces, a type character, a dot, and another space. Several types are available besides a number:
| *Type* | *Generated Style* | *Sample Sequence* |
| 1. | Arabic numerals | 1, 2, 3, 4... |
| A. | Uppercase letters | A, B, C, D... |
| a. | Lowercase letters | a, b, c, d... |
| I. | Uppercase Roman Numerals | I, II, III, IV... |
| i. | Lowercase Roman Numerals | i, ii, iii, iv... |
</td><td>
<verbatim>
   1. Sushi
   1. Dim Sum
   1. Fondue

   A. Sushi
   A. Dim Sum
   A. Fondue

   i. Sushi
   i. Dim Sum
   i. Fondue
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
   1. Sushi
   1. Dim Sum
   1. Fondue

   A. Sushi
   A. Dim Sum
   A. Fondue

   i. Sushi
   i. Dim Sum
   i. Fondue
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#DefinitionList
 *Definition List:* %BR%
 Three spaces, a dollar sign, the term, a colon, a space, followed by the definition.

 Deprecated syntax: Three spaces, the term with no spaces, a colon, a space, followed by the definition.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
   $ Sushi: Japan
   $ Dim Sum: S.F.
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
   $ Sushi: Japan
   $ Dim Sum: S.F.
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TheTable
 *Table:* %BR%
Each row of the table is a line containing of one or more cells. Each cell starts and ends with a vertical bar '|'. Any spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.
   * =| <nop>*bold*<nop> |= header cell with text in asterisks
   * =|   center-aligned   |= cell with at least two, and equal number of spaces on either side
   * =|      right-aligned |= cell with more spaces on the left
   * =| 2 colspan ||= and multi-span columns with multiple <tt>|</tt>'s right next to each other
   * =|^|= cell with caret indicating follow-up row of multi-span rows
   * =|&gt;&gt; ... &lt;&lt;|= cell enclosed in double-square brackets can span multiple lines - useful for bullets and nested tables
   * You can split rows over multiple lines by putting a backslash ='\'= at the end of each line
   * Contents of table cells wrap automatically as determined by the browser
   * Use =%<nop>VBAR%= or =&amp;#124;= to add =&#124;= characters in tables.
   * Use =%<nop>CARET%= or =&amp;#94;= to add =&#94;= characters in tables.
%T% The %SYSTEMWEB%.TablePlugin provides the =|^|= multiple-span row functionality, =|&gt;&gt; ... &lt;&lt;|= multi-line syntax, and additional rendering features
</td><td>
<verbatim>
| *L* | *C* | *R* |
| A2 |  B2  |  C2 |
| A3 |  B3  |  C3 |
| multi span |||
| A5-7 |  5  |  5 |
|^| six | six |
|^| seven | seven |
| split\
  | over\
  | 3 lines |
| A9 |>>
 | Nested |
 | table |
<<|  C9 |
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
| *L* | *C* | *R* |
| A2 |  B2  |  C2 |
| A3 |  B3  |  C3 |
| multi span |||
| A5-7 |  5  |  5 |
|^| six | six |
|^| seven | seven |
| split\
  | over\
  | 3 lines |
| A9 |>>
 | Nested |
 | table |
<<|  C9 |
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#WikiWordLinks
 *<nop>WikiWord Links:* %BR%
 <nop>CapitalizedWordsStuckTogether (or WikiWords) will produce a link automatically if preceded by whitespace or parenthesis.
%BR%%T% If you want to link to a topic in a different web write =Otherweb.TopicName=.
%BR%%T% To link to a topic in a subweb write =Otherweb.Subweb.TopicName=.
%BR%%H% The link label excludes the name of the web, e.g. only the topic name is shown. As an exception, the name of the web is shown for the <nop>%HOMETOPIC% topic.
%BR%%X% Dots ='.'= are used to separate webs and subwebs from topic names and therefore cannot be used in topic names.

It's generally a good idea to use the TWikiVariables %<nop>SYSTEMWEB% and %<nop>USERSWEB% instead of TWiki and Main.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
WebStatistics

Sandbox.WebNotify

Sandbox.WebHome

Sandbox.Subweb.TopicName
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
WebStatistics

Sandbox.WebNotify

Sandbox.%HOMETOPIC%

<a href="#MyAnchor" title="simulated link">TopicName</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TheAnchors
 *Anchors:* %BR%
 You can define a reference inside a TWiki topic (called an anchor name) and link to that. To __define__ an anchor write =#AnchorName= at the beginning of a line. The anchor name must be a WikiWord of no more than 32 characters. To __link__ to an anchor name use the =[<nop>[MyTopic#MyAnchor]]= syntax. You can omit the topic name if you want to link within the same topic.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
[[WikiWord#NotThere]]

[[#MyAnchor][Jump]]

#MyAnchor
To here
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
[[WikiWord#NotThere]]

[[#MyAnchor][Jump]]

#MyAnchor
To here
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#ExternalLinks
 *External Links:* %BR%
 URLs starting with =file=, =ftp=, =gopher=, =http=, =https=, =irc=, =mailto=, =news=, =nntp= and =telnet= are linked automatically if preceded by whitespace or parenthesis. External links are indicated with a trailing %ICON{external-link}% icon, and open up in a new browser tab or window; the behavior of both can be set in configure or preferences variables (see TWikiExternalLinks for details). Links can be prevented with an =!= exclamation point prefix.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
http://twiki.org

https://google.com

!http://escaped-link
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
http://twiki.org

https://google.com

!http://escaped-link
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#ForcedLinks
#HeRe
 *Forced Links:* %BR%
 Use double square brackets to create forced links: Write =[<nop>[link]]= or =[<nop>[link][label]]= to force a link. Use the former for singleton words and if [[#DisableLinks][automatic linking is disabled]]. Use the latter one to specify a link label other than the link. For the link, you can use internal link references (e.g. WikiWords) and URLs (e.g. !http://TWiki.org/). 
 %BR%%T% URL parameters can follow a WikiWord
 %BR%%T% Anchor names can be added to create a link to a specific place in a document.
 %BR%%T% To "escape" double square brackets that would otherwise make a link, prefix the leading left square bracket with an exclamation point.
 %BR%%T% The [[VarTOPICTITLE][topic title]] instead of the topic name is shown for =[<nop>[WikiWord]]= links if the SHOWTOPICTITLELINK preferences setting is enabled.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
[[WikiWord]]

[[WikiWord?n1=v1;n2=v2]]

[[WikiWord#TheAnchor]]

[[WikiWord?n=5#TheAnchor]]

[[WikiSyntax][wiki syntax]]

[[http://gnu.org/][GNU]]

[[Singleton]]

escaped:
![[WikiSyntax]]
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
[[WikiWord]]

[[WikiWord?n1=v1;n2=v2]]

[[WikiWord#TheAnchor]]

[[WikiWord?n=5#TheAnchor]]

[[WikiSyntax][wiki syntax]]

[[http://gnu.org/][GNU]]

[[Singleton]]

escaped:
![[WikiSyntax]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TopicTitleLinks
 *Topic Title Links:* %BR%
 Use double square brackets and a plus sign to create links with topic title: Write =[<nop>[+TopicName]]= or =[<nop>[+Web.TopicName]]= to show the [[VarTOPICTITLE][topic title]] instead of the topic name. The topic title is defined by the form field named "Title", the topic preferences setting named TITLE, or the topic name if neither exists.
 %BR%%T% An alternative syntax is =[<nop>[TopicName][$topictitle]]= or =[<nop>[Web.TopicName][$topictitle]]=.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
[[+BugN1234]]

[[+Bugs.BugN1234]]

[[BugN1234][$topictitle]]
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
[[%TOPIC%][The sky is falling]]

[[%TOPIC%][The sky is falling]]

[[%TOPIC%][The sky is falling]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#PreventLink
 *Prevent a Link:* %BR%
 Prevent a WikiWord from being linked by prepending it with an exclamation point.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
!SunOS
</verbatim>
</td><td>
!SunOS
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#DisableLinks
 *Disable Links:* %BR%
 You can disable automatic linking of WikiWords by surrounding text with =&lt;noautolink&gt;= and =&lt;/noautolink&gt;= tags.
%BR%%H% It is possible to turn off all auto-linking with a NOAUTOLINK preferences setting.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
 <noautolink>
 RedHat & SuSE
 </noautolink>
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
 <noautolink>
 RedHat & SuSE
 </noautolink>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#MailtoLinks
 *Mailto Links:* %BR%
 E-mail addresses are linked automatically. To create e-mail links that have more descriptive link text, specify subject lines or message bodies, or omit the e-mail address, you can write =[<nop>[mailto:user@domain][descriptive text]]=.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
a@b.com

[[mailto:a@b.com]\
[Mail]]

[[mailto:?subject=\
Hi][Hi]]
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
a@b.com

[[mailto:a@b.com]\
[Mail]]

[[mailto:?subject=Hi][Hi]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#TwitterLinks
 *Twitter Links:* %BR%
 <nop>@twitter IDs are linked automatically. The link rule is defined by the ={Links}{TwitterUrlPattern}= configure setting.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
@twiki
</verbatim>
</td><td>
%IF{"{OpenClosePTags}" then="<nop>"}%
@twiki
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#VerbatimText
 *Verbatim Text:* %BR%
 Surround code excerpts and other formatted text with =&lt;verbatim&gt;= and =&lt;/verbatim&gt;= tags.
%BR%%T% The =verbatim= tag disables HTML code. Use =&lt;pre&gt;= and =&lt;/pre&gt;= tags instead if you want the HTML code within the tags to be interpreted.
%BR%%X% Preferences variables (* Set NAME = value) are set within verbatim tags.
</td><td>
<verbatim>
<verbatim>
class CatAnimal {
  void purr() {
    <code here>
  }
}
</verbatim>
</verbatim>
</td><td>
<verbatim>
class CatAnimal {
  void purr() {
    <code here>
  }
}
</verbatim>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#LiteralText
 *Literal Text:* %BR%
 TWiki generates HTML code from TWiki shorthand.
 *Experts* surround anything that must be output literally in the HTML code, without the application of
 TWiki shorthand rules, with =&lt;literal&gt;..&lt;/literal&gt;= tags.
 %BR%%X% Any HTML within literal tags *must* be well formed i.e. all tags must be properly closed before the end of the literal block.
 %BR%%I% TWiki Variables are expanded within literal blocks.
</td><td>
<pre>
&lt;literal&gt;
| Not | A | Table |
&lt;literal&gt;
</pre>
</td>
<td>
<literal>
| Not | A | Table |
</literal>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
#ProtectedText
 *Protected Text:* %BR%
 *Experts* protect text from mangling by WYSIWYG editors using
 =&lt;sticky&gt;..&lt;/sticky&gt;= tags. Sticky tags don't have any effect on normal
 topic display; they are only relevant when content has to be
 protected from a WYSIWYG editor (usually because it isn't well-formed HTML, or because it
 is HTML that WYSIWYG would normally filter out or modify). Protected
 content appears as plain text in the WYSIWYG editor.
</td><td>
<pre>
&lt;sticky&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
This div is required
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/sticky&gt;
</pre>
</td>
<td>
<sticky>
<div>
This div is required
</div>
</sticky>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
%STOPINCLUDE%
__Related topics:__ WikiSyntax, WikiWord, WikiNotation, TextFormattingRules, TWikiRenderingShortcut, TWikiShorthand
Topic revision: r10 - 2015-09-16 - TWikiContributor
Webs
TWiki
Account
- Log In
- Register User
Edit
Attach
Copyright © 1999-2025 by the contributing authors. All material on this collaboration platform is the property of the contributing authors.
Ideas, requests, problems regarding TWiki? Send feedback
Note: Please contribute updates to this topic on TWiki.org at TWiki:TWiki.TWikiEditingShorthand.